The southern and southwestern regions of San Juan Province—centered around the sweeping Calingasta Valley and the Ruta Interlagos—offer some of the most dramatic mountain backdrops, surreal dry flats, and world-class astrophotography spots in Argentina.

The best places to visit in the southern half of San Juan, along with their key photo details and distances from San Juan City, include:

1. Barreal & The Calingasta Valley

• Distance from San Juan City: ~170 to 200 km southwest (about a 3-hour drive via Ruta Nacional 149).

• Photo & Visual Details: Barreal is a charming oasis village nestled in a wide, peaceful mountain valley. Photographers love capturing the "Avenida de los Álamos" (a stunning tunnel of towering, centuries-old poplar trees filtering the desert light), rustic adobe houses, and the breathtaking backdrop of the massive, snow-capped Mount Mercedario towering in the distance.

2. Pampa del Leoncito (Barreal Blanco)

• Distance from San Juan City: ~200 km southwest (just outside the town of Barreal).

• Photo & Visual Details: A surreal, blindingly white, completely flat dry lakebed measuring roughly 12 km long by 4 km wide. It is a dream location for minimalist photography. The intricate, geometric cracks in the sun-baked white clay contrast sharply against the dark purple and brown desert mountains framing the horizon. On windy afternoons, you can capture dynamic shots of land-sailing carts (carrovelismo) zipping across the flats.

3. El Leoncito National Park & Observatories

• Distance from San Juan City: ~210 km southwest (further up the mountain road from Barreal).

• Photo & Visual Details: Set against the high Andes, this protected area features dramatic high-desert landscapes. Its most famous visual landmarks are the white domes of the CASLEO astronomical observatory perched on the ridge. Because the area boasts over 300 clear nights a year, it is one of the premier spots on the continent for astrophotography, capturing the glittering Milky Way stretching over the mountain silhouettes.

4. Ruta Interlagos: Ullum & Punta Negra Reservoirs

• Distance from San Juan City: ~30 to 50 km west/southwest.

• Photo & Visual Details: A fully paved, deeply scenic loop road that connects two brilliant, emerald-turquoise water reservoirs carved into stark rock canyons. It is ideal for wide-angle landscape photography, highlighting the intense color contrast of the water against folded red-and-grey cliffs, modern engineering bridges, and nearby boutique wine cellars hidden in the adjacent Zonda Valley.

When I arrived in the city of Esquel I had nothing exactly planned, but I knew that the options for walks would not be long in coming. In my opinion, it always ends up being best to ask the locals for recommendations, because they know more than any internet forum. Luckily, the owners of the hostel where I worked this autumn were very knowledgeable about the city, so they recommended a visit to La Zeta Lagoon as my first trip. I had the option of taking a taxi, but as it was close by, I thought it would be more fun to walk there .

From where the flat where I lived with my roommates was located, it was about 6 km to the lagoon. This distance may sound like a lot, but it is fun if you go with someone else. That day I was able to organise with guests from the hostel to go together to the lagoon, so the journey to the lagoon was not so tiring. The path was very easy, all on the vehicle path, so it was impossible to get lost .

The La Zeta Lagoon area is a nature reserve with a few trails around it. Unless there is usually a special event, we were told that this area is always quiet and that was the case when we were there. The day we were there was beautiful: the weather was inviting to be outside so we spread out our day to do everything we wanted to do. This included a little rest on the shores of the lagoon, but also stretching our legs a bit more to complete some of the trails in the area .

The shore of the lagoon seemed to me a good place to rest and spend the afternoon. These waters did not look very deep, but it is said that some people still go there to cool off in the summer. You might think that in the south of Argentina it is always cold, but in places like Esquel, the summers are very hot and the winters are snowy. This autumn we had an in-between climate, with just the right temperature to be outside enjoying the day without suffering from either extreme .

The postcard of Esquel from the Laguna La Zeta is one of the most beautiful you can have of this place. I recommend visiting this place around sunset, when the sun starts to go down and form a mirror on the water. The combination of mountains and lagoon with some green around is beautiful, creating a unique landscape all day long. I quite enjoyed visiting this place, it was so peaceful and quiet that it didn't even seem to be that close to the city .

Of course, if we had taken a taxi the journey would only have taken about 20 minutes, but I think walking also had its magic. The part I like the most about volunteering in different hostels in my country is the social part, like that day when we had the opportunity to share an extra moment with the guests. Visiting Laguna La Zeta for the first time was great, and I liked it so much that I took the trouble to go a few more times to spend my free afternoons. A place as beautiful and peaceful as this deserves to be visited several times, and that's exactly what I did ❤️.

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Northern San Juan is a paradise for adventure sports lovers — especially rafting on the Jáchal River and windsurfing at Cuesta del Viento Dam. Here’s a focused guide with details and visuals:

Rafting on the Jáchal River

• Experience: Strong rapids and turquoise waters make it one of Argentina’s best rafting spots.

• Difficulty: Medium to high, ideal for thrill‑seekers.

• Best season: October to March, when water levels are optimal.

• Extra: Combine rafting with fishing or camping along the riverbanks.

Windsurfing at Cuesta del Viento Dam

• Experience: Famous worldwide for consistent strong winds, perfect for windsurfing and kitesurfing.

• Difficulty: Suitable for both beginners (with lessons) and experts.

• Best season: Year‑round, but summer offers warmer water.

• Extra: The dam’s desert‑mountain backdrop creates stunning scenery while you sail.

️ Adventure Base: San José de Jáchal

• Role: The main town to organize excursions.

• Activities nearby: Trekking in Huaco Valley, horseback riding, and cultural tours.

• Atmosphere: A mix of colonial heritage and modern adventure tourism.